John r



J. R. TREADWELL.

OVEN.

Patented Oct 12, 1869' with (w aim Letters Patent 1v 195,750, aaaz1 aaaa:12, 1869,

ovmv'.

'ljne Schedule ;refer:red to in th se Letters Patent and makingjart ft p lame- To all whom it may concern:

Be it knownthat 1, JOHN R. Tnnsnwenn, of the city of Brooklyn, county of Kings, in the State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Bakers Reel-Ovens? and I do hereby declare that'the following is a full and correct description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference thereon;

My invention relates to that class of bakersovens commonly known as reel-ovens, in which the bread 'or biscuit is placed upon pans suspended from the bars of a horizontal reel, within an oven or chamber heated by products of combustion admitted therein from a furnace or furnaces beneath, the reel being rotated to carry the pans to and from the mouth of the oven to be charged and discharged.

Heretofore, in such ovens, the steam-escaping from the bread or crackers baking in .the oven, has either passed out oft-he'jmou'tnof theovem'or throngha flue in the mouth, as in ovens that bake upon the floor, or'

it has been drawn off by the flue in the top of the oven used in heating. 7

When the steamis drawn off through the mouth, it is impossible to bake cmckers dry, as theys should' be and are baked in common ovens, because the'pans above the oven-month containing crackers partially baked are enveloped in' the steam with which the oven is filled above the mouth at the time when the crackers should be drying out.

When the steam is drawn'ofl' by the flue in the top of the oven, the appearance of the. face of the cracker is spoiled,-in consequence of not being shielded by steam from the direct heat reflected from the brick arch, forming the oven-top immediately above them. I The objectof my invention is to remedy this defect, and produce as good baking in a reel-oven as in the common oven, and this I have effected by combining, with the oven, steam-fines, to regulate the steam-level in the oven, at a point-sufliciently above the mcuthof the oven to have the crackers well dried upon the pans before they descend to the mouth, to be .dis-

- charged, and sufliciently below the oven-top to shield the face of the crackers from the dry heat of thebricks' when near the arch. I

I prefer to put in my steam-fines in front,-jnst under the skew-back of the arch, as shown in the drawings, bnt they may be placed a little higher or lower,, a

and produce a good result, the gbject being toregulate the level of the steainin the oven, while baking, at a point sufiicientlyhigh to insure the proper dryingout of the crackers, and yet low enough to retain a proper quantitycf steam in the oven to shield the face of the crackers when near the top ofthe oven.

The heated gases from the coal are also kept at the steam-level, and pass out with the steam through the steam-fines abovethe mouth, thus preventing the steam and gases from discharging through the mouth, to the great injury a-nd inconvenience, and injury" of health of the ovensmen and others in the bakehouse.

, The steam-flues-may pass directly through the front wall, and discharge into the bake-house, oigunder a bonnet 'over'the oven-mouth, but 'I prefer to gather. theminto a stack underneath-the bonnet, and regu late them by a damper, as hereinafter described.

The accompanying drawings represent a well-known form of reel-oven, as construct-ed with myimprovebroken away, showing the steam-fines carried through the'frontwalhand discharging withixrthabonnet. Figure 3, a vertical cross section,showing the rear part of the oven. f

'Figure 4, a vertical longitudinal section, showing furnaces, oven, reel, steam-fines, with their covering, and also the bonnet. U

'Letter a represents the brick-work of the oven. b, the furnace, c, the ash-pit.

11, the smoke-flue, controlledby a dampend', used when kindling the fire. 0,.0penings fromthe furnace into the oven.

j; the oven.

g, the reel.

h, the pans, suspe ded from the reel.

t, the draught-flue in the top of the oven, controlled by thedamper i, and used for heating up the oven, but closed when the oven is heated. I

This top fine i maybe omitted in ovens constructed with my improvement. I 7 Letters 7:, k,-k k, 1:, represent a series of steamflues, which I prefer to place in the front wall, just fig. 4. g

They may, however, be put in the rear wall or side walls, at a corresponding elevation above the ovenmouth l,. or at-a'point a little higher or lower, -ashai'ore mentioned. 1 v

They'maydischarge the steam within the bonnet m, as shown in fig. 2, or preferably be gathered into a chimney-stack, covered with a'covering, n, in frontof the oven-wall, and controlled by a damper, p, as shown infig.4.. v p H The pans, when filled with'crackers, pass downward from't-he mouth toward the furnaces, and, by the rotation of the reel, are carried thence to the upper part of the oven before reaching. the oven-mouth to be dis belowthe skew-back of the oven-arch,-as shown inv charged, making a circuit of the oven while baking the crackers.

My invention is of great importance, as these ovens are capable of baking from fifty to one hundred barrrels of flour in crackers per day, and, by reason of:their economy in heating and working, would be the best oven for baking crackers, were it not, that as hereto- 101'8 constructed, crackers baked in themwere inferior to those baked upon floor-ovens, owing, as I have diecovered, to want. of proper means 'of regulatin the level'of the steam escaping from the crackers w thin the oven.

I-claim' as my invention and improvement in bakers reel-ovens In combination with the reelsoven, a steam-flue or 'seriesvof steam-fines, when arranged above the mouth andbelow the top, substantially as described, whereby a proper steam4evel-is maintained to protect the face of the crackers whencarried to the upper part of the oven, and the steam prevented from accumulah ing below said level, to interfere with drying out the,

crackers properly, substantially as described.. JOHN R. TREADWELL.

Witnesses:

Ammo P. HUNT; ALEX. OBUMBIE. 

